P.B.L - Conservation/Litter

We have chosen to do Conservation & Litter. We are travelling to New Brighton Beach, walking the length of it while picking up the rubbish. Litter on the beach is bad because it gets into the oceans. Sea animals see the rubbish as food and eat it, by picking up the rubbish we are creating the less deaths in the ocean. By us doing this we are showing people to keep a clean beach and to care for the environment, if people see us cleaning the beach they might have the heart to keep it clean.

Steps

• Collect rubbish bags and gloves
• Turn up to bus stop
• Catch right bus
• Arrive at beach
• Get lunch
• Pick up rubbish
• Get home

Math Conclusions

Conclusions

• The regression is positive, meaning the graph has a positive trend.
• The line has a strong strength.
• Most people have a height between 155cm and 175cm
• It has a fairly strong linear

Prediction

• The prediction for the killer is suspected to be 178cm tall.

Forces & Motion

On any object there are four forces, these are; Support, Thrust, Weight and Friction. Forces have the ability to; speed things up, slow things down, change the direction of movement and the ability to change the shape of an object. Forces are measured in Newtons (N), this name is due to Sir Isaac Newton who was the man behind the theory of force and motion.






Measuring The Size Of A Force

When the forces on an object are balance that means the object is stationery, but when the forces are unbalanced the object will be moving in the direction of the force with a greater Newton measurement.

From this picture we can see the truck has a larger thrust than it does friction, this means the truck is moving in a forwards motion. To figure out the nett force of the trucks movement, you simply take the friction force away from the thrust.
100N - 60N = 40N = The truck has a nett force of 40N

Calculating Speed

To calculate the speed of an object simply, divide the distance by the time

A car travels 12 metres in 3 seconds

Speed = Distance/Time

Speed = 12/3

The car traveled at 4 metres per second

Calculating Time

To calculate the time an object has taken to travel somewhere, divide the distance by the speed.

A car travels 36 metres at 2 metres per second

Time = Distance/Speed

Time = 36/2

The car took 18 seconds to travel the 36 metres.

Calculating Distance

To calculate the distance an object has traveled, times the speed and time together.

A car travels for 2 seconds at 12 metres per second

Distance = Time x Speed

Distance = 2 x 12

The car travelled 24m

Properties Of Metals

There are properties that scientists look for to determine whether the piece they are examining are metals or non-metals. All metals are solid at room temperature apart from mercury. Metals are placed on the left side of the periodic table, the right side is where the gases are placed.

Properties

Lustre
Metals have a shiny surface, the lustre is how reflective the metallic surface is.

Malleability
Metals have the factor of malleability, this means that they can be bent, hammered or pressed into a desired shape without breaking or forming cracks.

Electrical Conductivity
The electrons within the metal is powerful enough to conduct electricity.

Ductility
Metals are able to be drawn out into fine wire without breaking to pieces.

Room Temperature State
All metals are solid at room temperature except for mercury which is a liquid.

Thermal Conductivity
Atoms in metals are tightly packed together. Due to the tight package metals are easily able to conduct heat.

Knowing Your Laboratory Signs

Hazchem	Symbol
Corrosive
Ecotoxic
Flammable
Harmful
Explosive
Toxic
Wear Eye Protection
Irritant
May Cause Cancer
Oxident
Caution
Electricity

Layers Of The Earth

Crust

The crust is the outermost and thinnest layer of the earth. It has a thickness of 0-60 km. The crust is made up of three different types of rock; Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic, these hold elements such as; oxygen, silicon, aluminium, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium. There are two different types of crust; Continental Crust which carries the land, and Oceanic Crust which carries the worlds oceans.

Mantle

The mantle is the second most outer layer as well as the thickest layer of the earths make up. It has a distance of 2,900 km when measuring from the bottom of the crust to the bottom of the mantle, the mantles temperature varies depending where your measuring, near the top of the mantle it ranges between 500-900 °C, towards the bottom the temperature ranges between 4000-5000 °C. It is composed of molten rock called magma, magma contains mainly magnesium and iron. The immense heat in the bottom of the mantle causes rocks to rise to the top of the mantle, where they then cool and sink back to the bottom. This movement is called a convection current. These currents are what is suspected to be the cause of the movement of tectonic plates. 

Outer Core

The outer core acts as a casing for the inner core. It is 2,200 km thick, the outer core is extremely hot with its temperature ranging between 4000-5000 °C. It is a liquid layer made up of molten iron and nickel. 

Inner Core

The inner core is the centre of the earth. It is approximately 1,200 km thick, the inner core is the hottest part of the earth with its temperature ranging between 5000-5500 °C. The inner core is composed of solid iron. The inner core spins at a different speed compared to the rest of the earth, this is what is thought to cause the earths magnetic field. 

Science Behind Natural Disasters

Earthquakes

Earthquakes are vibrations caused by rocks breaking under stress.

The outer layer of the Earth is called the crust. The crust is broken into different parts called tectonic plates. These plates are constantly moving, and continents are attached to the plates which causes them to move as well. The movements are so gentle that we can’t feel them.

An earthquake occurs when two of these plates collide. Minor earthquakes are a result of two plates brushing up against each other. Major earthquakes are created when one plate is forced under another.

Tsunamis

A tsunami is a group of large waves caused by a sudden movement on the ocean floor. A tsunami often follows an earthquake, underwater landslide, volcanic eruption or meteor.

Friction between two tectonic plates causes seismic energy (vibrations), which causes an earthquake to occur. When an undersea earthquake happens it abruptly pushes one of the tectonic plates upwards. This causes an immense displacement of ocean water, causing it to spread out every direction from the centre of the earthquake. As the waves get closer to shore they get compressed into a smaller space causing them to gain height.

Volcanic Eruption

A volcano is a vent that acts as a passage for molten rock to travel from the mantle to the Earths surface, Magma sits in the mantle, as the magma rises through rock gas bubbles form and expand, the build up of pressure causes the magma to break through the main vent and secondary vents of the volcano. Once magma is passed through the cracks it is then called lava. Volcanic eruptions have different extremity's, the level of power depends on the amount of gas. The more gas bubbles the magma has, the more power it exits the earth with.

P.B.L 15/11/17

Steps

• Come up with a list of things to put in the baskets.
• Contact stores in Hornby Mall to ask them if they could lend a hand.
• Finding a way of getting them from the stores to the school
• Creating the baskets
• Getting them to the intended people.

Barriers

• Not having enough donations.
• Not being able to get in contact on time.
• Not being able to find someone to help us transporting the items
• Not being able to complete the baskets
• Not being able to find a charity

P.B.L - 14/11/17

How We Feelin.
Casi, Shar & Jorja

We have chosen to have a positive impact on people in poverty.
Poverty effects people worldwide, but we are focusing on the people in NZ, particularly Christchurch. It affects children and families as they struggle with everyday needs. It also affects schools as students in poverty don't get food which means they don't get enough energy to function well. The issue of poverty is that it is hard to get out of, people don't want to associate with you so you can't get out of it. It started a long time ago and has gotten worse due to the forever changing economy and the continuous raise of life's prices. To help out we have decided to create Christmas hampers that will help families in poverty at Christmas. Our intention is that families will have a better Christmas.

Website Name	Link	Date we accessed site
NZ Council Christian School	http://nzccss.org.nz/work/poverty/facts-about-poverty/	13/11/17
Child Poverty NZ	http://www.childpoverty.co.nz/	14/11/17
NZ Stats	www.stats.govt.nz/StatsMaps/Home	14/11/17